Assessment of Working Condition of Female Farm Workers in Holeta flower farms , Oromia region

Study designIn Ethiopia the new growing industry especially floriculture industry working condition time to time is always changing. Hence the female flower farm working condition can be best studied having in human context of a descriptive study design. Descriptive design study is quick to conduct, cheap and making it easily to employ for such kind of study. Thus, the study employed a descriptive study design.Population and designAccording to oromiya investment burea currently there are 30 floriculture industry operating in Holeta special oromia zone.in the zone there are 10 number of flower farm and 20 nu,ber of fruit and vegetable growner. since the researcher interest mainly lies in the flower farm and the target population is the production women workers who work in these flower farms in Holeta. The researcher will randomly select three number of flower farms (Hoolota Rose flower, oromiya wonder, Agri-flora flower). The production of flower farm in these three area differ in terms of the rate of female workers are high, long years of operation and fertilizer, pesticides, insecticide chemical used. After selecting three industries the study was collected from the total number of 725 female farm worker (from Hoolota rose flower 299 ,oromiya wonder 216 and Agri flora flower 210).Accordingly to determine the sample size, (yemane Tore 1967) formula will be used, however considering the level of margins of error 5% and 95% level of confidence, the following formula will be apply.Where, N= the target population e = sampling error estimated (0.05) n = total sample size Therefore, from the selected three flower farm industries female worker with the total of 725, the number of sample (n) 725/(1+725(〖0.05〗^2))= 725/2.8125=258 workers as sampled as the respondent.This sample size will select from each three floricultural Industries through stratified sampling technique to keep proportionate to ensure equal representation of each floricultural industry sub division department namely green house, pack house, sparing and irrigation considering participation of female. Then the researcher finally used Samples respondent selected by stratified sampling, will also be selected by systematic random sampling from each subdivision of the three companies floriculture female workers.Data SourceIn order to examine the proposed theories and address the research problem in a more scientific manner, the study will use both primary and secondary source of data. It is data collection techniques where information is gathered directly from the field. This kind of data is generally concrete as the researcher mostly observes it. In this case, the primary data collection will be based on questioner, depth interviews, focus group discussion, case and observation method. The secondary data will be collected from published and unpublished literatures as well as from other sources such as books, reference books, articles, journals, government policies documents, internet website, and statistical information and research products conducted on similar issues.Sample surveyTo get reliable and validate data, the researcher will use a combination of both open and closed ended question. Then the questionnaires (oromifa version) dispatched and managed for the total of 256female farm worker from Hoolota rose flower, oromiya wonder and Agri flora flower floricultural industries.InterviewThe researcher deployed open ended interview question with two female farm worker ,two supervisor and two manager from each flower farm. A total of 6 female farm worker,6 supervisor and 6 farm manager the three namly above mentioned floriculture industries. He question concerning on female farm worker working condition ,salaries, facilities and accessibilities of occupational safety cloth and health practice of the female farm workers in order to verify the information which is taken from the female farm workers by the questionnaires.Key informant discussion was held with different professionals and stakeholders working in the area using question discussion prepaid by the researcher himself. The stackholder include Holeta regional ,zonal city administration and woreda labour officers,Ethiopian holiticulture producer and export association, doctors and nurse working at holeta health center and doctors working at holeta private healthe center . holeta Investment Bureau and Women’s Affair Office were discussed to gather powerful information from wide range of people. The finding of key informant discussion helped to analyze and increase the result of creditability and validity of primary and secondary data.Focus group discussionTwo groups organized for the FGD each consisting of six individuals, who are female farm workers in green house, pack house and sparing. The discussions are arranged their living places. The researcher prepaid six questions used to obtain detailed information about personal and group feeling, perception and opinion to support the purpose of gathered data from data collection and interview.ObservationObservation employed by the researcher in the three farms namely Hoolota rose flower, oromiya wonder and Agri flora flower. In order to access the working condition and occupational safety cloth and health practice while female farm workers in real life responsibility situation. This method support to facilitated the finding more reliable, realistic and tangible picture of female working condition in the farm. Methods of Data AnalysisData will be collected through identified method of data collection instruments from the sample of the desired population. Qualities of the collected data are checked by the researcher, and then quantitative data gathered trough questionnaire and qualitative data gathered trough interview are analyzed. Quantitative data is summarized and coded to ensure that they are in a suitable form to address the research questions and suit statistical data analysis procedures. It is analyzed based on descriptive statistics using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) through the means of frequency count and percentages by displaying in tables and graphs to check the differences of the ratings of responses. Qualitative data is analyzed by summarizing the responses of interview in relation to the research questions and the questionnaire.3.9 Ethical considerationThe interview is conducted by letting the participants to have information about the purpose of the study and the type of information needed from them. The interview was carried out after consent from the interviewees and at a place of their choice. In the case of primary data collection, different management positioned employees of the company were participated. Through this process the researcher let the participants to know the purpose of the research and those who participated will be according to their willingness. The questionnaire that will be provided to the Respondents has general information about the purpose of the study. In addition to that it indicates that the respondents need not mention their name in the questionnaire and it eensures Confidentiality. The distribution and collection of questionnaire will be made using sealed envelope. This will lead the respondent to provide their view without any fear and discomfort.