ecosystem

The ecosystem services are the processes that the environment produces resources benefit the humans from the ecosystem that the combination of an area’s abiotic factors such as air, water, soil, rocks, temperature and biotic factors which are everything living (ESE,2000). For instance, these services can get it directly such as food, clothing, house, and medicine that is obtained directly from the biodiversity within an ecosystem or can get it indirectly such as methods execute by healthy biodiverse ecosystems (WHO, 2005). The ecosystem services play a significant role to develop sustainability, and essential for survival the humans and animals. For example, the mangrove trees that known to shield shorelines from tropical storm winds, and floods. Also, helps to prevent erosion. Likewise, mangroves are basic nursery territories for shrimp, shellfish, and fishes, mangroves are an imperative part of Florida’s business and recreation angling organizations. These territories offer a wealthy supply of food at the same time as also supplying refuge from predation. Further, mangroves also help to maintain several threatened and endangered species such as Green sea turtle, Peregrine falcon, and more. These species make use of mangrove structures during at least a few portions of their existence histories, whilst others live their entire lifestyles spans, feeding and nesting within the mangroves (SFAE, n.d). Moreover, there are four categories of ecosystem services categorized by MEA include provisioning services such as food, fresh water, wood, genetic resources, and medicines. Second, regulating services includes climate regulation, natural hazard regulation, and water purification. Third, supporting services includes nutrient dispersal and cycling, seed dispersal, and primary production. Lastly, cultural services include non-material benefits that people are obtained from the ecosystem’s cultural, intellectual and spiritual inspiration recreational experiences and scientific discovery. All these recourses are important for species and community’s wellbeing (NWF, n.d). These components indicate to individual and social functioning that express individual values. However, there are relationships between health and the ecosystem. To illustrate, the change in ecosystem function may lead to cause many diseases, so understand and know how to deal with ecosystem services help to reduce many diseases. To be specific, there are many diseases spread via waterborne disease, vector-borne diseases, and foodborne diseases, and all these diseases transmitted through environmental changes. for example, the malaria diseases transmitted via mosquito-borne diseases to host that occurs with many changed in the ecosystem such as flood, humidity, high temperature. Furthermore, ecosystem functions were threatened by growth in the range of human activity such as population size, per-capita consumption, and impacts of technologies to produce products for consumption. To clarification, many activities impair ecosystems, including drainage of pesticides and fertilizers, water, and air pollution, wetlands destruction, soil erosion, deforestation, plastic pollution, and urban sprawl (ESE,2000). Finally, the one health means recognizes the essential associations among humans, animals, and the environment with people’s health and well-being (CDC,2018). One Health approach is important because 6 out of every 10 infectious diseases in humans are spread from animals, this known Zoonotic diseases such as salmonella infection and rabies (CDC,2018). Most zoonotic diseases spread in poverty countries that have inadequate quality in health services for humans and animals (CDC,2018). Finally, understanding the relationship between humans and environments help us to deal with the problems that threaten the ecosystem functions.