iii Development of Inland Fisheries Aquaculture with the objectives of Construction

iii) Development of Inland Fisheries & Aquaculture with the objectives of Construction of new pond/ tank, Renovation of pond/ tank, Fresh water fish seed hatchery, Fish feed unit, Establishment of freshwater prawn seed hatchery. (Appendix: 6.28)iv) Fisheries scheme implemented under National Fisheries Development Board (NFDB): this scheme includes a) intensive aquaculture in Ponds, b) Reservoir Fisheries Development (RFD), c) Coastal aquaculture: For the development of coastal aquaculture, construction of ponds for brackish water fin fish culture is being encouraged through subsidies. Cage culture of brackish water fin fish in ponds and open waters with Rs. 10.00 lakh / ha costing with 25% unit cost subject to a maximum of 2.50lakhs/ha as subsidy. d) Mariculture : i) Training on marine ornamental fish culture, ii) Assistance for setting up of Open Sea cage culture units by fishermen groups. iii) Setting up of open sea cage culture by companies. iv) Promotion of diversification by shrimp hatcheries to take up seed production of finfish species of commercial importance. (Appendix: 6.29)v) Development of Domestic Fish Marketing i) Setting up of Solar drying of fish units, ii) Platform for Sun drying of fish , iii) Training and demonstration to fisherwomen on hygienic handling of fish and processing /value addition iv) Campaign for promotion of fish products and consumption, v) Cold chain development and processing of value added products, vi) Retailing by fisherwomen Modernization of wholesale fish markets (Appendix: 6.29).vi) Establishment of freshwater prawn seed hatchery ii) Capacity: 5-8 million PL/year Entrepreneurs/farmers vii) Establishment of fish seed hatchery: Establishment of fish seed hatcheries with/ without/nurseries 7-8 million (fry) Capacity/year.viii) Infrastructure: Fishing Harbours and Landing Centers: i) development of native tuna fishing fleet by NFDB support boats Rs/- 75 lakh including gear component. Ii) Human resource development with 100% financial assistance as per NFDB guidelines. Iii) Up-gradation of processing unitsExcept this Human resource development programme can also be a significant step to look forward. (FARDD, Odisha, Source: Salient Features of the Schemes under Inland Sector (2017)The schemes and development policies for the fishermen are taken by the Government. And steps following that are also implemented or will be implemented. Some of such schemes, policies and steps already taken are as follows. This will help to understand the progress that has taken place in fishery sector.• PFZ or Potential fishing Zones boards which were installed under UNDP assistance in Bahabalpur and Balaramgadi, Chandipur• Biometric Identity Cards for the fishermen. • Development of Approach Roads /Such a road has been planned in Talsari worth 19.34 crores.• Dighirihanis farm of Balasore district has been selected for Brood Stock Development Programme and Jayanti ruhu propagation and selective breeding as a step of Research and development activities in state fish farms during the session 2009-10. • The Orissa Fishermen policy • Matsajinbi unnayan yojana• Vision 2020 has been focusing to become pioneer in aquaculture development. The main target has been given on ensuring food security be extending the fisheries. This will also encourage employment, livelihood generation as well as ensure welfare. • Realistic resource management by using remote sensing and Geographic information system is needed to be implemented. This will help to understand the detailed status of the existing inland water resource.• Open water bodies like Kata, irrigation tanks, percolation tanks and reservoirs can be used for fish culture. In Odisha State Reservoir Fisheries Policy 2012 such option has been given for reservoir fisheries management and its development. Registered primary fisherman co operative societies, pani Panchayat, and authorized self help groups will get preference.• Aquaculture in tanks and ponds to enhance fish production. For pisciculture minor irrigation area below 40 ha water area will be given for lease for a period not less than 5 years. • Various development programmes like ATMA, OCTMP,NMSA, RIDF, RKVY etc are needed to work together to promote the aquaculture in the state as well as district. • For fish seed production and certification cluster approach (CA) on PPP mode can apply to suitable areas. Government of India guideline 2010 should be applied to ensure the certification of the quality of fish seed produced.• Ornamental fish culture should be expanded through sustainable coastal aquaculture. For this the Government owned brackish water areas suitable for coastal aquaculture needed to be allotted to the fisheries cooperatives, self help groups, private entrepreneurs, unemployed youths etc. • Co-management and community involvement for fisheries management in Marine sector is implemented. • The training programme of 180 hrs has been provided to the unemployed an interested youth to become fish farmers and to ensure the economic suitability. For this they have to qualify the ‘training programme on scientific pisciculture practice’ and the qualification will be awarded by Directorate of Fisheries. Progression of the fish farmers can be achieved by the progression of the qualification. • In Balasore there are 955 progressive farmers who have covered 505.84 acres for pisciculture. Within twelve blocks Balasore sadar solely share 34.76% of total number of fish farmers is progressive, In Bahanaga block this share becomes 10.89%. In Jaleswar, Nilagiri, Khaira, Remuna, and Oupada the share of progressive farmers are less than 5%. The limited or unexpanded pisciculture for lack of suitable environment is the basic cause behind this. (Appendix:6.30) Schemes with ongoing components: Development of Freshwater Aquaculture (FFDA’s) – ongoing component includes-Construction of new ponds, reclamation/ renovation of ponds/ tanks, cost of inputs, Running Water Fish Culture , Integrated Fish Farming, aerators/pumps, Fresh water Fish Seed hatchery, fish seed units, establishment of laboratories, soil and water testing to each FFDA, setting up of integrated units, transportation of fish/prawn seed etc (Appendix:6.31). Development of Brackish water Aquaculture (BFDA): the focus has been given on the renovation or construction of brackish water fish farms, for training of shrimp farmers, establishment of demonstration cum training center (Appendix:6.32) . Cold water fisheries and Aquaculture: Preparation of resource survey report/ feasibility report, Short term investigations, breeding or rearing etc, Construction, renovation, extension or remodeling of fish farms, Farming units for coldwater fish species and first year inputs, Units for running water fish culture, Training of fish farmers, Purchase of vehicle (Appendix: 6.33). Development of Waterlogged areas: Inputs (fish /prawn) seed, feed, manure, fertilizers, preventing measures for disease, transportation charges, etc.), training and focusing on the development of the water logged area Productive utilization of Inland Saline/ Alkaline Waters for Aquaculture: Cost for construction, input cost and training are functioned (Appendix: 6.34 and 6.35).Inland capture fisheries (Reservoir/ Rivers): Fish Seed rearing units Seed rearing units Cages/ pens with inputs, Training, Craft and gear(nets, boats etc.), Construction of landing centres, Riverine Fisheries Conservation and Awareness Programmes are following by the authority (Appendix:6.36). With the proper subsidy and implementation of the scheme implementing fresh water, brackish water prawn culture and other aquaculture the implementation of SHG can be generated. By proper management the dry fish making industry can also be maintained. Increasing hygiene, transparency, and proper marketing steps will also help the villagers specifically women to become economically independent and stable. By these steps the standard of living of the rural areas will be increased and finally with implementation of infrastructure, overall development can be achieved. 6.2.8 Concluding Remarks: The availability of land resource provides option for various types of occupations. The coastal belt of Balasore provides enormous scope for strengthening the practice of brackish water fishing and marine fishing along the coastal tracts. The less suitable lands were once used only for agricultural purpose but continuous low production forced the farmers to change to brackish water fishing, inland fisheries, aquaculture and waterlogged area aquaculture for survival. Basically the coastal part of Balasore district is composed of coastal alluvium and the average elevation is less than 15 metres. Within the coastal tract, Bahanaga shows concentration of saline soils. Except this, a concentration of saline soil is also found in Baliapal, Bhograi, Balasore, Remuna, Bahanaga blocks. Bahanaga has 13% and Balaiapal block has 7% area under saline condition. So this saline, sandy vast low land and mud flats show more suitability for fishing. Conversation with the local farmers and fishermen revealed that the uncertainty and less production capacity and variability of the salinity status in the coastal belt soils were the basic causes behind the shifting from agriculture to fishing. At present, a major transformation of land use can be noticed along the coast of Balasore district in the coastal blocks of Balsasore Sadar, Baliapal, Bhograi, Remuna and Bahanaga