related literature and studies

Chapter 2Related Review of Literature and StudyThis chapter presents the review of the related literature and related studies that are relevant to the study.Related LiteratureNursery RhymesAccording to Mathew (2016), nursery rhymes are little poems and songs that every child has to learn during their childhood since decades and century. He said that the world has changed and is developing everyday but nursery rhymes are here to stay. He stated that nursery rhymes are a boost of language development and promote story-telling. It develops reading skills of a child. He also said that learning nursery rhymes expand vocabulary, prediction, phonics, oral language, etc. He said that children who have read nursery rhymes for long enough are good readers in school compared to children who have not.It is supported by Swetha (2013) by stating that the main functions of the nursery rhymes in a language learning context can be pointed out as follows: phonemic awareness, developing the vocabulary, inductive learning of grammar and developing auditory skills in the language learner. With the advent of science and technology, new instructional materials are introduced every day. She stated that even though use of nursery rhymes as instructional material has reduced considerably, it will always remain one of the best ways to teach a language to young learners, as they convey a lot to learn, keeping the learner’s attention intact.Galway (2018) shows a strong support to the first stated article by stating that, nursery rhymes are short songs and verses that adults usually sung or read to children. She also states that Nursery rhyme became a part of children’s literature where it varies in style, subject, tone and theme. It also uses rhythm and rhyme for the children to remember the song easily. She said that nursery rhyme became also a part of nation’s tradition especially in their folklore that is shared by adults and children. Nursery rhyme is a great tool in helping the children not only to be entertained but also to gain knowledge. She emphasized that the use of nursery rhyme is a powerful tool in teaching your child alphabets and numbers.Using nursery rhymes may help in teaching young learners. For example, Jo and Lisa (2018) stated that nursery rhyme is a powerful tool that has a big influence in the child’s development and education. They stated that nursery rhyme is a fun way to develop the child’s communication and literacy skills from an early age. Nursery is often repetitive and fit with the limited attention span of young children. For them, nursery rhyme is very important for the children in acquiring language and in their speech development. The parents can also include nursery rhymes into their child’s daily routine or activities to enrich their vocabulary. The authors stated that the use of nursery rhyme is a great foundation in teaching your child how to read and write and it will develop the child’s competence in reading.And it is proved by Wills (2011) by stating that if a child knows eight nursery rhymes by heart by the time they are four years old and they are usually the best readers when they kids enter school. And he also said that the nursery rhymes are also great way into learning early phonic skills. And the nursery rhymes they expand the imagination of the kids. And last he discuss that the nursery rhymes improve the vocabulary of the kids because the kids hear and new words that they wouldn’t come across in their everyday language.In addition to the statement of Wills (2011), Kelly (2016) stated that singing nursery rhymes and songs to children as young as babies can help develop their language and communication skills from an early age. He also states that creating a fun experience for children will help engage them and they are more likely to sit and participate in the songs. According to him nursery rhymes can help develop children’s social skills as it is a great opportunity for children to get to know their peers. Using nursery rhymes will support children’s communication and language development at whatever stage they are.It is supported by Tan (2015) by giving three important reasons why nursery rhymes are so crucial to early childhood. First, children who know nursery rhymes develop a strong sense of well-being. Second, children who know nursery rhymes are overflowing with self confidence and self-esteem. Lastly, children who have nursery rhymes read or sung to them become effective communicators. He also stated that nursery rhymes are the most effective way of rapidly developing a child’s vocabulary, grammar and syntaxMeyer (2014) gave strong support to the article of Tan (2015). He expanded his explanation by discussing ten reasons why kids need to know or to learn nursery rhymes. Here are the ten reasons: (1.) Nursery rhymes are the perfect first stories. (2.) Nursery rhymes can boost early language development. (3.) Knowing nursery rhymes can build social skills and promote a sense of community. (4.) Loving nursery rhymes opens the door to a love of all books. (5.) Kids who know nursery rhymes are equipped to better readers. (6) Listening nursery rhymes builds vocabulary. (7) A love for nursery rhymes opens the door to creativity. (8) Nursery rhymes connect us to the past. (9) Singing nursery rhymes can improve fine motor skills and coordination. And last is nursery rhymes are just plain fun.It is supported by Chakrabarty (2018), he stated in his article that according to Chandar (2010), using nursery rhymes is not just for fun, but also understanding values like compassion, sharing, helping those in need, caring for the environment, and also the skills. Some of the children nowadays are enjoying some nursery rhymes on Youtube. Every time that they watch it, they learn a new word. The teacher can use the nursery rhymes as strategy for the students to learn new word and also to teach them values.It also proved by Rigby (2017) by stating in his article that according to Nutton (2013), nursery rhymes can help children on building their first language. Most of the children nowadays are exposed in technology. They use it to entertain themselves. Some children love watching on Youtube. They become happy when they hear happy songs and interested in watching animation or cartoons. While watching nursery rhymes, the children can enjoy and at the same time they learn new words. Rigby also added that nursery rhymes are not just a strategy of calming the children, but they also learn from it. Using nursery rhymes as a way to teach the children to pronouns the word is one of the stepping stone for their learning.VocabularyAccording to Solopress (2015), vocabulary is a set of words within a language that are familiar to a particular person. For him, it is all the words known and used by a person. He stated that having an expansive vocabulary is very important to help you in expressing yourself clearly and to communicate to the people with clarity. Knowing a word is not easy that is why, he advised to read, play word games and most importantly, set yourself goals to learn a new word each day.It is supported by the article written by Garcia (2017). According to him vocabulary is central to English language teaching. The students with limited vocabulary cannot express themselves in communicating to others. It needs time and effort for children to learn vocabulary. Garcia also added that every child must develop a love for vocabulary learning for them to have learning and have confidence in communicating with others.Roesser (2018) gave strong support to the previous articles. She said that one of the biggest struggles in every classroom is making sure students have the appropriate vocabulary skills to succeed with both general and content-specific tasks. She said that if a child knows and understands the concepts of a word, but doesn’t understand what the words “compare”” or “”contrast”” mean