CHAPTER ONE TOPIC IDENTIFICATION AND DEFINITION11 INTRODUCTIONIn Malaysia Public Open Space

CHAPTER ONE : TOPIC IDENTIFICATION AND DEFINITION1.1 INTRODUCTIONIn Malaysia, Public Open Space (POS) particularly the community parks is one of the vital elements of urban fabrics because that can animate communities in cities such as appropriate spaces for performing cultural gathering or declaring political freedom for the public. Public open space is planned and managed for current and future generations for the purpose of public protection and benefits of the natural unique values such as habitats flora and fauna.According to Rasidi (2012), public open space is an important aspect in the natural setting of developing indicators to promote health and wellbeing in communities through life and contributes to the liveability of an area that can create fostering social cohesion. The parks provide space for social interaction, such as exchanging views, shared experiences, making new acquaintances, meeting friends and enjoying the places that help a citizen with the community area. Linking them in a natural environment will provide greater benefits to the public, the environment as well as biodiversity. (Inglis et al., 2008). This paper aims to bring people to participate and used functional activity within the public open space.In Malaysia, Kinta district, in Perak is one of the richest districts from tin mining production and located strategically in the middle of Perak which surrounds Kinta offers a narrative about this past mining history including Tanjung Rambutan (Khoo and Lubis, 2005). According to the Department of Town and Regional Planning, 2008, the former tin mining sector is important as income of economic growth and physical development that used the former mining land as part of its development expansion strategy. Many of recreational lakes and lake gardens that are transformed from past tin-mine pools because it’s better utilized for recreational purposes especially that located near towns and residential areas. The specific aim at this work was to draw up master plans to promote ecological strategies with the eminent character of wetland which may be important settings for enhancing the sense of community parks among residents area.The lakes of Malaysia not only for sports, adventure activities and casual nature, but also can attract the community participation to botanists and naturalists lover because of a great variety of wildlife and nature in and around them, especially for wildlife lovers, and scientists for doing their research work.;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;1.2 PREVALENT ISSUES / PROBLEM STATEMENT Peninsular Malaysia contributes the highest part of tin mining production, and the largest mining area is it locates the largest mining area in Perak, which important to engender economic development. Many developments give effects to tin mining landscape insistence on human needs. One of the primary concerns of this is that most of these abandoned mine areas have been recovered and converted into more profitable land uses.Paradoxically, in many cases, parks have among the community area. The overall process of this study consists of a good result in the problem to get communities to community parks by using an ecological approach. Several subjects have been the keystone to ensure this field need to being resolved, including physical, societal, and environmental topics.1.2.1 Physical Issues The study area of Tasik Taman Indah is to highlight the lack of connectivity access to the tie between the resident’s area because this field alone provides one main entrance, gated and one path only. Besides that, Tasik Taman Indah also in the inland country and far away from the urban context which is not legible if there is no navigation or welcoming signboard towards the area. This is one of the crucial issues that make the community park abandoned with no facilities.1.2.2 Environment Issues.In Malaysia, there have several issues which said as the retention pond is a lead to an unhappy life and an unhealthy environment to the local communities. There have around ten storage ponds that have developed in Kuala Lumpur which the majority of it is ex-mining area previously and converted it into a retention pond. Ponds such as disused mining pools can be used for flood storage.At that location were approximate environmental issues involving the abandoned mining ponds. The abandoned mining tools, buildings and structures may contain harmful contaminants such as heavy metal, engine oil spillage to the pool and water pollution and smell pollution that contributes to a lower quality of animation. This phenomenon led to water pollution, either surface water or groundwater. Thus, a proper guideline was prepared to preserve this sensitive area safe to the environment. Some abandoned mining ponds have been conserved, and have raised some of them to be recreational areas.1.2.3 Social Issues Even though, despite this apparent social function and significance, community parks have not been used to gain optimum social benefits. The quality of the place has been measured mostly based on the way places are perceived and evaluated by the users. It is imperative that the emotive dimension of place-what the urban environment meant to people and how they felt about it be considered in the preparation process (Carmona et al., 2003).In this way, it is essential to inspect the remainder of the post connection in supporting social associations among park clients to expand park uses between and circumstances. By then is no reason individuals should come and keep in the amusement region with no appealing gave. Approvals require giving a network focus, for example, the community center, cafeteria, resort, open lawn, supplication room, outdoors zone, library, and others. With some new extra highlights of offices. It will improve the capacity of the space which that can pull in the network connection.1.3 Goals and Objectives of the Study 1.3.1 Goals Enhancing the community park through ecological approach at Tasik Taman Indah, Tanjung Rambutan, Perak .Objectives :I. To improve recreational access and opportunities function and facilities along the community park that can give benefits to serve better community attractions. II. To reconnect the communities with the natural environment by using an ecological design approach that helps protect the restored habitat and provide interpretive opportunities.III. To enhance the community park with more functions and facilities where it can attract community attachment.1.4 Definitions of Terminologies In this study, there are several terms that have been used, and to describe these terminologies are as follows :1.4.1 Public Open SpaceMalaysia, Town and Country Planning Act 1976 defined open spaces such as any of the land whether enclosed or not which is laid out or reserved for example public garden, park, sports and recreation ground, pleasure ground, walk or as a public place which they can create the socialty space . Furthermore for a better understanding of the term ‘public’, it can be defined as publicly accessible green and open spaces and which exclude private open spaces such as backyards, gardens and balconies and so on.1.4.2 Enhancing Enhancing is the term employ to mean engaging in the drills that increase human enjoys ecosystem service. Enhancements define as social organizations or materials which are the primary purpose of increasingly important resources to melt of constraints on habitat, and landscape occupancy by community and tourists from locals or foreigners. (Lindell, Eaton, Howard, Roels, & Shave, ( 2018 ). Which can enhance the landscapes to improve human movement and attraction within the site through managing activities in spaces and reintroducing significance plants species.1.4.3 Community Park Community Parks are diverse, serving a broader role than the neighbourhood or mini-parks. It may include neighbourhood park amenities, and act as neighbourhood parks as well, the focus of a community park is on meeting community-based recreation, athletics and open space requirements. (Addison Park District,2017) .1.4.4 Wetland Wetland definitions are largely biologically based since professionals in wildlife biology and botany were among the first to recognize the values that wetlands contribute to society in their natural, unaltered state. Wetlands also to emphasize certain plant communities associated with water bodies or waterlogged soil. Such communities provide vital habitats for fish spawning and nurseries and support unique forms of wildlife and plant species, and depending on their landscape position and wetness properties, they provide other valued functions such as flood storage, nutrient recycling, water quality renovation, and shoreline stabilization.(Tiner, 2013; Mitsch and Gosselink, 2015).)1.4.5 Ecologically Approach According to Filiz C. (2013), the term of ecology is a short form to defined biophysical forces that have created a physical world and the key nature of ecology is identified by the process of combination and human nature The ecological approach is defined as issues or problem occurs among the people in other space and they need the strategies to achieve effective social involvement. (John T. P., May 1988).1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY / SCOPE OF STUDY This study will be significant to promote ecological strategies to achieve the high-value quality of life of the community which lives near to the detention pond. As been said before, they have always used detention pound mono-used facilities which sometimes give a negative impression to the community in that area such as safety issues, water pollution and smell pollution that leads to the low quality of life. 1.6 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The research started by getting reliable data of related topics from the literature to assign the author with the interpreting of community park enhancement is related to a personal knowledge of the attributes in sustainable ecological landscape design.This study is conducted using several types of research methods. The method of this study involves a qualitative survey including analysis site observation, site photographs, and a series of interviews with the stakeholder. Then, secondary data included information, data accumulative from the Department of Planning in Majlis Bandaraya Ipoh (MBI) and also Jabatan Pengairan Dan Saliran Perak (JPS). A series of interviews also took place in this phase with the officer in both physical structures. The interview session continues with the local citizenry in a parliamentary procedure to earn their opinion on the existing site condition and their planning develop. Finally, last, the inventory was finalized, and it created the site analysis and synthesis. 1.6.1 Topic Selection: The selected project name is “Enhancing The Community Park Through Ecological Approach At Tasik Taman Indah, Tanjung Rambutan, Perak ”. 1.6.2 Selection of the Study Area: The process of selecting the study area involve after the topic selection. The study area located at Tasik Taman Indah which is located Tanjung Rambutan, Perak. 1.6.3 Analysing existing area: The condition of study area is mastered by their position of hardscape and softscape element with their uses and the aesthetic value of natural resources. 1.6.4 Problem identification and scope of the study: After receiving the information about the existing area, the problem there have been distinguished. The goal and aim have been produced which is related to solving problem approaches.1.6.5 Literature review: The secondary data is identified by understanding the terms, definition, theory, methodology, and explanation which contributes to a particular topic. 1.6.6 Data Collection: There are 2 methods of data collection involves which are primary and secondary data, including the data about the history of the site, present condition, the activities there and the future development planning. 1.6.6.1 Primary Data Collection: Analysing the data collection through a visual survey and interview local people or users. The data collected using the ecological approach attribute which are physical attributes, biological attributes, and socio-cultural attributes. (a) Physical Attributes: Site land use and activities, circulation and accessibility, topography, climate, and water bodies. (b) Biological Attributes: Wildlife and vegetation. (c) Socio-cultural Attributes: Demographic and social activities. 1.6.6.2 Secondary Data Collection: The data compose from the reference study using internet sources and also data from authority including Majlis Bandaraya Ipoh (MBI) and Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran Perak (JPS). 1.6.7 Data Analysis: Analysing the data collection to define the effective and successfully design character and design consideration towards community area enhancement by approaching the ecological design as a component of sustainable landscape design. 1.6.8 Recommendation: The master plan will be prepared after going the process of analyzing data and conceptual planning using the ecological design approaches. 1.6.9 Conclusion: The final step is producing the documentation report of design strategies from the starting until final analyzing data process about the topic which helps to understand the overall work. 1.7 CHAPTER SUMMARY This chapter explains the terms related to sustainability design using ecological approaches and the how-to merge the ecological landscape design with the component of a community park. The discussion is concluding the overall study finding based on the result of the case study analysis. The study terminologies are related to the reference cases which occur within the world.